Raymond Jeanloz (NAS) is Professor in Earth and Planetary Science and in Astronomy at the University of California at Berkeley. His expertise is in the properties of materials at high pressures and temperatures, and in the nature of planetary interiors.

John F. Ahearne (NAE) is the Director of the Ethics Program at Sigma Xi, The Scientific Research Society, a lecturer in public policy at Duke University, and an adjunct scholar at Resources for the Future. He has served as deputy and principal deputy assistant secretary of defense, in the White House Energy Office as deputy assistant secretary of energy and as Commissioner and Chairman of the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission.

Ashton B. Carter is Ford Foundation Professor of Science and International Affairs, Harvard University Kennedy School of Government and Co-Director, Harvard/Stanford Preventive Defense Project; Professor of Science and International Affairs. He is a former Assistant Secretary of Defense for International Security Policy.

Christopher Chyba is Professor of Astrophysical Sciences and International Affairs at the Woodrow Wilson School of International Affairs, Princeton University. He served on the national security staff of the White House from 1993 to 1995.

Stephen P. Cohen is a Senior Fellow in the Foreign Policy Studies program of the Brookings Institution. Prior to joining Brookings, he was a Professor of History and Political Science at the University of Illinois at Urbana and Director of its Program in Arms Control, Disarmament, and International Security.

David Franz is Vice President and Chief Biological Scientist of the Midwest Research Institute, Director of the National Agricultural Biosecurity Center at Kansas State University and Deputy Director of the Center for Emergency Care and Disaster Preparedness at the University of Alabama at Birmingham. Dr. Franz has served as Commander of the U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases (USAMRIID).

Richard L. Garwin (NAS, NAE, IOM) is IBM Fellow Emeritus of the Thomas J. Watson Research Center of the IBM Corporation. He served the President's Science Advisory Committee as both a consultant and a member and was chair of the State Department’s Arms Control and Nonproliferation Advisory Board and its predecessors from 1992 to 2001.

Rose Gottemoeller is the Moscow Center Director of the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, specializing in arms control, nonproliferation and nuclear security issues. From 1998 to 2000, she served in the Department of Energy as Assistant Secretary for Nonproliferation and National Security and then as Deputy Undersecretary for Defense Nuclear Nonproliferation. From 1993 to 1994 she was director for Russia, Ukraine, and Eurasia Affairs on the National Security Council in the White House

Margaret A. Hamburg (IOM) is Vice President for Biological Programs, Nuclear Threat Initiative, Washington, D.C. Before taking on her current position, she was the Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Prior to this, she served as the Commissioner of Health for the City of New York.

Alastair Iain Johnston is the Governor James Albert Noe and Linda Noe Laine Professor of China in World Affairs, Government Department, Harvard University. He is a Faculty Associate at the Weatherhead Center for International Affairs, the Olin Institute for Strategic Studies, and the Fairbank Center for East Asian Research at Harvard University.

Gerald F. Joyce (NAS) is Investigator, The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, and Professor in the Departments of Chemistry and Molecular Biology at The Scripps Research Institute. His research concerns the biochemistry of RNA and the development of novel RNA and DNA enzymes through in vitro evolution.

Admiral Richard W. Mies (USN, retired) is former Commander in Chief United States Strategic Command. He is the former President and CEO of Hicks and Associates, Inc. and Deputy Group Manager of the Transformation, Training, Test, and Logistics Group at Science Applications International Corporation (SAIC).

Venkatesh Narayanamurti (NAE) is the John A. and Elizabeth S. Armstrong Professor of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Professor of Physics, and Dean of the School of Engineering and Applied Sciences at Harvard University. He was formerly a Vice President of Research and Exploratory Technology at Sandia National Laboratory and the director of solid state electronics research at Bell Labs.

William Press (NAS) is the chair of the Computer Sciences and Integrative Biology department at the University of Texas at Austin. He is the former Deputy Lab Director for Science and Technology at Los Alamos National Laboratory.

Michael Clegg (Ex-officio), Foreign Secretary, National Academy of Sciences, Washington D.C.