Development, Security, and Cooperation

Energy Futures and Air Pollution in Urban China and the United States

This study will examine urban energy use, policies and associated air pollution challenges faced today by China and the United States in their separate, distinct energy/economic trajectories. The study will be intended primarily to assist Chinese cities in assessing these challenges based on U.S experience. It includes the dual problems of continued coal consumption and rapid increase of private vehicles, in the context of economic needs, environment and public health. It will identify options with attendant benefits and costs, including technological and institutional opportunities, and will address areas for continued cooperation between the United States and China. The project will be conducted in collaboration with the Chinese Academy of Engineering and Chinese Academy of Sciences.

China’s scientific and engineering communities, through the Chinese Academies of Science and Engineering (CAS/CAE), have been engaged in policy discussions on these issues with the National Academies for some time. These discussions have resulted in meetings and publications, but more important, the development of a strong, ongoing relationship that encourages dialogue on a number of scientific and policy fronts. As a result of discussions held in October 2003 in Beijing, the National Academies and the Chinese Academies agreed that the air quality challenges facing China warrant an in-depth, joint examination of a range of issues facing China. These issues include the need for improved energy technologies, both stationary and vehicular; cleaner energy sources; rational energy pricing; efficient regulatory regimes; improved consumer conservation practices; attractive economic instruments (incentives?) and investment opportunities; understanding of public health implications; and public education campaigns. The study could lead to many opportunities for transfers of technology and services between the two countries.

For further information, please contact Jack Fritz at jfritz@nas.edu.